Top 10 Species of 2012

Monkey sneezes when it rains, the jellyfish beautiful but venomous, worms that live on the earth is as hot as "hell", and fungi that are named like a cartoon character on television is a new species that was selected as a Top 10 Species of 2012. 

The most interesting new species list was made by the International Institute for Species Exploration at Arizona State University in Phoenix, United States, and the committee of scientists from around the world. 

The list includes 10 new species described in 2011. In addition to the three species mentioned above, there are orchids that bloom at night and running animals like cactus which is now extinct. The scientists also agree that the attacker chose bees to lay its eggs on the ants, the poppies from the Himalayas, giant centipedes, and tarantulas are pretty blue. 

The selection of the best 10 new species has been going on for five years. The list is published every May 23 to commemorate the years of Carolus Linnaeus, Swedish botanist who gave birth to the modern classification system of naming plants and animals. 

"The list of top 10 is intended to draw attention to the biodiversity crisis. Scientists continue to explore the richness of species of fauna and flora as well as the museum is still continuing the tradition for 250 years to discover and describe millions of species of plants, microbes, and animals that share this planet with us, "said Quentin Wheeler, an insect expert who heads the International Institute for Species Exploration at ASU. 

Mary Liz Jameson, chairman of the international committee that selects more than 200 nominations, stating that the 10 species on the list that caught their attention because it has an odd shape or nature of which is very strange. To 2012-10 species are from Brazil, Myanmar, Dutch Caribbean, South Africa, Papua New Guinea, Spain, Borneo, Nepal, China, and Tanzania. 

"Some of the new species has an interesting name. Several other species reminded how little we know of this planet," said the professor at Wichita State University. *** [SCIENCEDAILY | TJANDRA DEWI | KORAN TEMPO 3896] 

1. OH BOY! JELLYFISH OF BONAIRE 

Do not be fooled by the beautiful blue box jellyfish and tentacles are yellow striped. The beauty of it is hidden behind the sting of a deadly poison. 

These jellyfish are found in the waters off the Caribbean island of Bonaire in the Netherlands. The species is named Tamoya ohboya by a teacher of science projects.

The name was taken with the assumption that the people affected by the sting would yell, "Oh boy!" This jellyfish is a member of a small group of box jellyfish, amounting to about 50 species. In contrast to other jellyfish, box jellyfish have eyes. 

2. SNEEZING MONKEY 

Snub-nosed monkey or nose sticking up was only discovered in northern Myanmar and named Rhinopithecus strykeri. Nostrils are facing up to these primates often sneeze loudly as rain. Do not let water in order to nose, in the rainy season, these monkeys are often seen sitting with his head bowed between his knees.

The monkeys are about 21 inches (55 centimeters) long from upturned nose to rump, but their 30-inch (78 cm) tails more than double their length. Their fur is black with white ear tufts. Except for their white moustaches, the monkeys' faces are bare and pink. 

3. DEVIL'S WORMS

Although the name creepy, this worm is not scary at all. 0.5 millimeter long nematode is the deepest terrestrial multicellular organisms on earth, which is found at a depth of 1.3 kilometers in South Africa. 

Mephisto Halicephalobus this worm gets the name from the legend of Faust the devil because he has to survive in an environment where temperatures as hot as "hell". (Worm is shown here in a scanning electron microscope image.)

4. LOTS 'O LIMBS
Body of sausage making these millipede named sausage foot floater. The name was also at the root of its Latin name, Crurifarcimen vagans.

This species holds the new record as the largest millipede with a length of 16 centimeters. These animals are found in the Eastern Arc Mountains, Tanzania, known as a world biodiversity hotspot. 

This giant millipede is approximately 1.5 centimeters and the body is divided into several segments, about 56 rings. Each segment has two pairs of legs. 

5. SPONGEBOB FUNGUS 

This new species of fungi living in the rainforest under a tree. This fungus is as strange as the animated character SpongeBob SquarePants that inspired its name. 

With shaped like a sea sponge, a bright orange mushrooms (sometimes purple) Spongiforma squarepantsii is found in the forests of Sarawak, Malaysia, on Borneo island. 

6. PARASITIC WASP 

A new species of parasite wasp that is found in Madrid, Spain. Wasps are flying only about 1 centimeter from the ground. 

They flew to look for ants. Once the target is visible, this wasp carried out air strikes as small bombers and insert their eggs into the ant's body in just a half-second. 

7. WALKING CACTUS 

At first glance, the new species is more like a cactus run than an animal. However Diania cactiformis is a member of an extinct group called the armored Lobopodia, which had wormlike bodies and multiple pairs of legs. 

Fossils of this animal that lived about 520 million years ago was discovered in southwest China. 

8. NIGHT BLOOMING ORCHIDS

Rare orchids from Papua New Guinea is only bloom at night. Small petals begin to open around 10:00 p.m. local time and wilted in the morning so that blooming orchid plant is named for the night. 

Bulbophyllum nocturnum is the first known orchid blooms at night from about 25 thousand species of orchids. 

9. BLUE TARANTULA 

Blue tarantula is very pretty with her hair that emits rainbow colors when exposed to light. Tarantula is the first animal species from Brazil that entered the ranks of the top 10.

Although Pterinopelma sazimai blue tarantula is not the first or the only, the animal is very beautiful and is derived from the ecosystem "island" in the mountains flat. 

10. PEAK OF NEPAL  POPPY

One of the top 10 new species, the Nepalese autumn poppy or Meconopsis autumnalis, grows wild at altitudes over 4,000 meters in the Himalayas, Nepal. *** [LIVESCIENCE | ASU | KORAN TEMPO 3896]

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